Resumen
En América Latina, el auge de la resolución alternativa de conflictos (ADR) ha emergido como una solución viable a las deficiencias del sistema judicial tradicional, que a menudo se caracteriza por ser costoso, burocrático y lento. La búsqueda de enfoques más eficientes y económicos para la resolución de disputas ha impulsado el interés en los métodos ADR.
El objetivo de este estudio es ofrecer un análisis exhaustivo de los métodos alternativos de resolución de conflictos, explorando sus definiciones, características, ventajas y retos, con especial atención a sus aplicaciones en el derecho internacional global y a algunos casos de éxito en la región. El problema de investigación se centra en determinar si el elevado costo económico y temporal de los litigios ha impulsado el éxito y la rápida adopción de estos métodos.
Este estudio emplea un enfoque cualitativo y analítico, basado en la revisión de literatura y en estudios de casos de diversos países latinoamericanos. Los resultados muestran que los ADR ofrecen ventajas significativas, como rapidez, rentabilidad y preservación de relaciones, aunque su aceptación ha sido desigual en la región. La efectividad de los ADR en la mencionada región requiere un equilibrio delicado entre la voluntariedad y la aplicación obligatoria, así como una clara delimitación de las funciones y poderes de decisión entre las partes implicadas y el poder judicial. En resumen, los ADR han demostrado ser una oportunidad valiosa para la zona, y su futuro parece aún más prometedor.
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